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Abstract

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 and H5N8 have become endemic among domestic poultry in Egypt since and , respectively. In parallel, the low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus has been endemic since Despite the continuous circulation of these subtypes for several years, no natural reassortant has been detected so far among the domestic poultry population in Egypt. In this study, the HPAI (H5N2) virus was isolated from a commercial duck farm, giving evidence of the emergence of the first natural reassortment event in domestic poultry in Egypt. The virus was derived as a result of genetic reassortment between avian influenza viruses of H5N8 and H9N2 subtypes circulating in Egypt. The exchange of the neuraminidase segment and high number of acquired mutations might be associated with an alteration in the biological propensities of this virus.

Keywords: Avian influenza, H5N2, H5N8, H9N2, reassortment, poultry, Egypt

1. Introduction

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 viruses have become endemic among domestic poultry in Egypt since and , respectively [1]. In late , HPAI H5N8 virus of clade (group B) was first reported among wild birds in Egypt [2]. Since , HPAI H5N8 viruses have been reported i

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