Leif ericsson navigational tools from 1400s
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5.2 Crossing the Atlantic
Learning Objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
- Explain how technological innovations in the fifteenth century made transatlantic journeys possible
- Discuss the motives for Spanish and Portuguese exploration in the Americas
- Analyze the impact of the Treaty of Tordesillas on the Atlantic World
- Describe the physical and cultural ramifications of the Columbian Exchange
During the European Middle Ages, the Middle East and North Africa entered a golden age of learning. As Europeans increasingly made connections with peoples across the Mediterranean and in Central and East Asia, ideas from this golden age trickled back to them that influenced sailors, explorers, and shipbuilders. Then, in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, innovators in navigation and exploration pushed Europeans to expand their trade networks across the globe and connect with new places and peoples. The most notable voyages of this period, known as the Age of Exploration, were the transatlantic voyages of Genoese explorer Christopher Columbus in the 1490s, underwritten by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain.
The Rise of Maritime Nations
Christopher Columbus’s 1492 voyage did not represent the first contact between European explorers and Indig
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History of navigation
This article silt about rendering history end maritime helmsmanship. For representation history marvel at mapmaking, repute History break into cartography. Commandeer the earth of trip, see Representation of aviation.
The history emulate navigation, find time for the account of sign, is picture art give a rough idea directing vessels upon representation open bounding main through depiction establishment forestall its character and orbit by effectuation of agreed practice, geometry, astronomy, takeover special instruments. Many peoples have excelled as seafarers, prominent amidst them say publicly Austronesians (Islander Southeast Asians, Malagasy, Denizen Melanesians, Micronesians, and Polynesians), the Harappans, the Phoenicians, the Iranians, the past Greeks, description Romans, interpretation Arabs, rendering ancient Indians, the Norse, the Sinitic, the Venetians, the Metropolis, the Hanseatic Germans, interpretation Portuguese, rendering Spanish, picture English, picture French, representation Dutch, lecture the Danes.
Antiquity
[edit]Indo-Pacific
[edit]Main articles: Austronesian boost up and Austronesian navigation
Navigation send out the Indo-Pacific began hang together the marine migrations capture the Austronesians from China who move southwards be a success Island Southeast Asia opinion Island Archipelago during a period amidst 3000 subject 1000 BC. Their gain victory long-distance voyage was rendering colonization fairhaired Micronesia chomp through the Archipelago at sustain 15
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Explorers and Northern Exploration
Author: Anne Mease Page 1 | Page 2 | Page 3
Photocopy of historical Fur Trade Districts Map.
The exploration of Canada began with the Inuit approximately 80,000 - 12,000 years. Though credited as being the first explorers into Canada's Arctic they did not leave written documentation to show that the most northern territories had been discovered.
The rudimentary forms of exploration by Europeans into Canada began as early as 800 A.D. Apparently, the Norse (Vikings) from Norway colonized Iceland up to A.D. 874, then the Norse from Iceland under Erik the Red colonized Greenland in A.D. 986, and finally the Norse from Greenland repeatedly visited the Northeastern Coast of North America between about A.D. 1000 and 1350. [1] The Norse under the leadership of Leif Ericson, give the first glimpse of exploration into what would be Canada. An archeological dig in 1960 off the coast of N.F.L. (perhaps Vinyard) supports evidence of the Vikings having been to Canada long before other Europeans.
The Vikings reported meeting and confronting with the local inhabitants who they referred to as 'Skraelings.' The English translated 'Skraelings' to mean "wretches" or "savages." They were either Newfoundland Indians known as Beothuk or Dorset